Energy subsidies have been described as socially inequitable and fiscally draining for economies in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This is particularly true for resource-scarce, labour-abundant economies such as Tunisia and Egypt who cannot rely on ample resource rents to finance energy subsidies. Despite these shortcomings, governments have struggled to reform subsidies and […]
Like no other region, energy resources have shaped the Arab world and its modern-day development trajectory. Endowed with some of the world’s most important oil and natural gas reserves, countries in the Arab world have over the past four decades produced and exported more oil than those of any other region, and hold reserves sufficient […]
OIES study on Russia’s refining system reviewed: Plans for further additions of more complex refining units have be… https://t.co/GTmB7XB5g0
April 16th
New OIES paper on Russian refining sector and fuel oil exports: From 2015, as a result of new export tax policies,… https://t.co/2OFbXIbbUX
April 15th
Russia’s heavy fuel oil exports: challenges and changing rules at home and abroad https://t.co/cDMQaw7xP9
April 15th
